Taking the concept of educational poverty as starting point, the author analyses the educational situation of the Slovak Roma minority vis-à-vis the majority population, using data from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Roma household survey 2005. Results show that Roma rarely reached higher educational levels and are more frequently enrolled in special education settings than the general population living in close proximity to Roma households. The comparison of different age cohorts reveals that younger Roma today face a significant higher risk of being enrolled in special schools or special classes than older Roma did. Furthermore, Roma who indicated Romani as their mother tongue reached lower education levels and were more frequently enrolled in special education settings than Roma who indicated Slovak or Hungarian as their mother tongue. The data presented might be used as a frame of reference for the evaluation of the Decade of Roma Inclusion related National Action Plan of the Slovak Republic.