Tertium Comparationis, Vol. 2 (1996), No. 2
Editor: G. Steiner-Khamsi (Columbia University New York)Thema: Bildung in Europa aus außereuropäischer Sicht
Contents
- Editorial
- Heinrich A. Mintrop: Schulischer Wandel in Ostdeutschland aus der Perspektive der amerikanischen Schulforschung
- Alison E. Price: Where Vygotsky Meets Piaget: American Educational Television Goes to Russia
- Mark S. Johnson: Western Models and Russian Realities in Postcommunist Education
- Val D. Rust: Azerbaijan Education: A Former Soviet Republic in Transition
- Rosalind L. Raby: Education and Ethnicity Revitalization in the Eurasian Countries of the Former Soviet Union
- Renate Holub: Difference, Multicultural Education, Affirmative Action: The Case of California
- Verzeichnis der Beitragenden
- Berichte und Notizen
- Rezensionen
Heinrich A. Mintrop
Schulischer Wandel in Ostdeutschland
aus der Perspektive der amerikanischen Schulforschung
The educational system in East Germany is being transformed in major ways. Similarly, for the last decade, the education system of the United States has been under considerable pressure to radically reorganize and restructure itself. The study compares school-reforms in East Germany with school-reforms in the United States and examines the effectiveness of such measures in different areas of schooling. The author uses data (interviews, questionnaires, observation reports) from his field research in eight secondary schools in Brandenburg and Thüringen (East German Bundesländer).Alison E. Price
Where Vygotsky Meets Piaget
American Educational Television Goes to Russia
A discussion of the current effort to develop a Russian version of the acclaimed American educational television program Sesame Street highlights some fundamental differences between American and Russian educational philosophies and research methods. The program's producers have shown much sensitivity in their willingness to adapt the show to local conditions; yet there are many features and ideas implicit in the program that conflict with Russian views on education and research. Thus Russians are broadcasting a hybrid show that represents American cultural values and educational ideals, but which also makes a valiant effort to uphold Russian cultural norms.Mark S. Johnson
Western Models and Russian Realities in Postcommunist Education
The attempts to reform the Russian education system since the fall of communism have had very uneven results. My research has led me to conclude that both Russian reformers and their international allies miscalculated the degree to which professional activism or a nascent "civil society" would compensate for the loss of state or public administration and financing after 1991. Assuming that the end of "totalitarian" education would result in a flourishing of grass-roots "innovation", reformers failed to anticipate the deepening financial and administrative crises in post communist education. These severe crises, mitigated only in part by Western assistance, have resulted in the sharp degradation of the public education systems and human resource capacities in Russia and the other newly independent states, and directly threaten the future of democratic and market reform. It seems that both many Russian reformers and their Western allies were guided more by idealized Western models than by an accurate sense of Russian needs and capacities. My conclusions are that international assistance should be focused more directly on helping to foster new professional networks that can better defend and retrain educators and teachers; and also that we must better combine general educational research with area studies knowledge to inform our cooperative efforts.Val D. Rust
Azerbaijan Education
A Former Soviet Republic in Transition
In this essay I concentrate on the process of educational change taking place in a rather remote republic of the former Soviet Union: Azerbaijan. I explain the relationships that were established with the Russian culture and its potential lasting influence. I review the responses Azerbaijan made toward the 1984 school reform and perestroika, and the post-independence struggles to establish a school law, the difficulty the Armenian conflict creates, and conclude with a discussion of the major issues contemporary education faces in Azerbaijan.Rosalind L. Raby
Education and Ethnicity Revitalization in the Eurasian Countries of the Former Soviet Union
Over the past decade, the Eurasian countries of the former Soviet Union all underwent similar transformations with respect to education and ethnicity revitalization. Each country has prominent ethnic populations with strong revitalization agendas who struggled to preserve their language and culture from assimilation and repression. Upon independence, revitalization efforts, while plentiful, were hampered by the reality of post-independent multilingual/multicultural populations that forced indigenous ethnic groups to contend with both their own revitalization efforts and the often conflicting agendas of other ethnic groups. Five stages of development that underscored the relationship between cultural revitalization, language acquisition and ethnic identity are:- limited socialization of linguistic/cultural knowledge
- vocalization and implementation of linguistic/cultural revitalization ,
- reinforcement of altered minority/majority configurations via language/culture laws,
- ethnic-based conflict based on rejection of radical social change, and
- institutionalization of revitalization agendas.
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Renate Holub
Difference, Multicultural Education, Affirmative Action
The Case of California
In November of 1996, the electorate of California voted to abolish "affirmative action". In this article I trace the history of the "affirmative action" model in California and its impact on multicultural education policies. I also discuss the possible effects of the abolition of "affirmative action" on the multicultural future of the University of California.Acrobat and the Acrobat logo are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
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